Exhibit 99.12
Entity 20
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
(Incorporated in Hong Kong with limited liability)
Directors’ Report and Audited Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
REPORTS AND CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
CONTENTS
1 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
DIRECTORS’ REPORT
The directors present their annual report together with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2021.
1. | PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES |
The principal activities of ULI (North & East China) Company Limited (the “Company”) are investment holding and the provision of air and ocean freight forwarding services in the People’s Republic of China.
The activity of its subsidiary is set out in note 13 to the consolidated financial statements.
2. | RESULTS AND APPROPRIATIONS |
The results of the Group for the year ended 31 December 2021 are set out in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income on page 6.
The directors have declared the interim dividend of USD60 (2020: USD7.33) per ordinary share totalling of USD9,000,000 (2020: USD1,100,000). The directors do not recommend the payment of final dividend (2020: USD Nil).
3. | DIRECTORS |
(a) | Directors of the Company |
The directors of the Company during the year and up to the date of this report were:
Mr. Sun Wen Chi, George
Mr. Lee Chi Tak, Richard
There is no provision in the Company’s Article of Association in connection with the retirement of directors, both directors continue in office for the following year.
(b) | Director of the Company’s subsidiary |
During the year and up to the date of this report, Mr. Sun Wen Chi, George is also the director of a subsidiary of the Company.
4. | DIRECTORS’ MATERIAL INTERESTS IN TRANSACTIONS, ARRANGEMENTS AND CONTRACTS THAT ARE SIGNIFICANT IN RELATION TO THE GROUP’S BUSINESS |
Save for disclosed in notes 8(b) and 25(b) to the consolidated financial statements, no other transactions, arrangements and contracts of significance to which the Company, its subsidiary, its fellow subsidiaries or its holding companies was a party and in which a director of the Company had a material interest, whether directly or indirectly, subsisted at the end of the year or at any time during the year.
2 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
DIRECTORS’ REPORT
5. | DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS IN THE SHARES UNDERLYING SHARES OF THE COMPANY OR ANY SPECIFIED UNDERTAKING OF THE COMPANY OR ANY OTHER ASSOCIATED CORPORATION |
At no time during the year was the Company or its subsidiary was a party to any arrangement to enable the directors of the Company (including their spouse and children under 18 years of age) to hold any interests or short position in the shares or underlying shares in the Company or its specified undertakings or other associated corporations.
6. | MANAGEMENT CONTRACTS |
No contracts concerning the management and administration of the whole or any substantial part of the business of the Company or its subsidiary was entered into or existed during the year.
7. | BUSINESS REVIEW |
The Company is exempted from the disclosure of business review as required under Schedule 5 of the Companies Ordinance as a special resolution has passed by the members to the effect that the Company is not to prepare a business review.
8. | PERMITTED INDEMNITY PROVISIONS |
At no time during the financial year and up to the date of this Directors’ Report, was there a permitted indemnity provision in force for the benefit of any of the directors of the Company (whether made by the Company or otherwise) or an associated company (if made by the Company).
9. | AUDITOR |
The consolidated financial statements have been audited by RSM Hong Kong who retire and, being eligible, offer themselves for re-appointment.
On behalf of the Board
Lee Chi Tak, Richard
Hong Kong, 22 August 2022
3 |
TO THE MEMBERS OF
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
(Incorporated in Hong Kong with limited liability)
Opinion
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of ULI (North & East China) Company Limited and its subsidiary (the “Group”) set out on pages 6 to 43, which comprise the consolidated statement of financial position as at 31 December 2021, and consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, consolidated statement of changes in equity and consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and notes to the consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements give a true and fair view of the consolidated financial position of the Group as at 31 December 2021, and of its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards (“HKFRSs”) issued by the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“HKICPA”) and have been properly prepared in compliance with the Companies Ordinance.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with Hong Kong Standards on Auditing (“HKSAs”) issued by the HKICPA. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Group in accordance with the HKICPA’s Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (the “Code”), and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the Code. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Other Information
The directors are responsible for the Other Information. The Other Information comprises all of the information included in the Directors’ Report other than the consolidated financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon.
Our opinion on the consolidated financial statements does not cover the Other Information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.
4 |
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT
TO THE MEMBERS OF
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
(Incorporated in Hong Kong with limited liability)
Other Information (cont’d)
In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the Other Information and, in doing so, consider whether the Other Information is materially inconsistent with the consolidated financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this Other Information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.
Responsibilities of Directors for the Consolidated Financial Statements
The directors are responsible for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements that give a true and fair view in accordance with IFRSs issued by the IASB, HKFRSs issued by the HKICPA and the Companies Ordinance, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. We report our opinion solely to you, as a body, in accordance with section 405 of the Companies Ordinance and for no other purpose. We do not assume responsibility towards or accept liability to any other person for the contents of this report.
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with HKSAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements.
As part of an audit in accordance with HKSAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:
● | Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. |
5 |
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT
TO THE MEMBERS OF
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
(Incorporated in Hong Kong with limited liability)
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements (cont’d)
● | Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal control. |
● | Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by the directors. |
● | Conclude on the appropriateness of the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern. |
● | Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation. |
● | Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the Group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion. |
We communicate with the directors regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.
/s/ RSM Hong Kong
Certified Public Accountants
22 August 2022
6 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS
AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
Note | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
USD | USD | |||||||||||
Revenue | 4 | 132,651,821 | 43,176,633 | |||||||||
Freight costs | (103,523,504 | ) | (38,145,675 | ) | ||||||||
Gross profit | 29,128,317 | 5,030,958 | ||||||||||
Other income | 5 | 69,507 | 85,696 | |||||||||
Other gains and losses - net exchange gains | 171,055 | 87,163 | ||||||||||
Administrative expenses | (7,381,248 | ) | (2,983,312 | ) | ||||||||
Other operating expenses | (1,111,102 | ) | (544,141 | ) | ||||||||
Profit from operations | 20,876,529 | 1,676,364 | ||||||||||
Finance costs - interest expenses on lease liabilities | 12 | (4,063 | ) | (3,870 | ) | |||||||
Profit before taxation | 6 | 20,872,466 | 1,672,494 | |||||||||
Income tax expense | 7 | (1,179 | ) | (1 | ) | |||||||
Profit for the year | 20,871,287 | 1,672,493 | ||||||||||
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax | ||||||||||||
Exchange differences on translating foreign operation | 10 | 19,799 | 77,013 | |||||||||
Total comprehensive income for the year | 20,891,086 | 1,749,506 |
The notes on pages 10 to 43 form part of these financial statements.
7 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AT 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
Note | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
USD | USD | |||||||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||||||
Property and equipment | 11 | 56,380 | 98,969 | |||||||||
Right-of-use assets | 12 | 34,652 | 136,731 | |||||||||
91,032 | 235,700 | |||||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||||||
Trade receivables | 14 | 17,815,219 | 4,013,705 | |||||||||
Other receivables, deposits and prepayments | 15 | 371,346 | 203,346 | |||||||||
Amounts due from related parties | 16 | 7,488 | 25,106 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 17 | 6,036,049 | 1,670,749 | |||||||||
24,230,102 | 5,912,906 | |||||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||||||
Trade payables | 18 | 4,727,950 | 2,233,649 | |||||||||
Other payables and accrued expenses | 18 | 1,602,836 | 860,105 | |||||||||
Amount due to related parties | 16 | 3,163,759 | 34,032 | |||||||||
Current taxation | 30,369 | 12,121 | ||||||||||
Lease liabilities | 19 | 36,786 | 106,707 | |||||||||
9,561,700 | 3,246,614 | |||||||||||
Net current assets | 14,668,402 | 2,666,292 | ||||||||||
Total assets net current liabilities | 14,759,434 | 2,901,992 | ||||||||||
Non-current liabilities | ||||||||||||
Lease liabilities | 19 | - | 33,644 | |||||||||
- | 33,644 | |||||||||||
NET ASSETS | 14,759,434 | 2,868,348 | ||||||||||
Capital and reserves | ||||||||||||
Share capital | 20 | 150,000 | 150,000 | |||||||||
Reserves | 14,609,434 | 2,718,348 | ||||||||||
TOTAL EQUITY | 14,759,434 | 2,868,348 |
Approved by the Board of Directors on 22 August 2022 and are signed on its behalf by:
Lee Chi Tak, Richard | Sun Wen Chi, George |
The notes on pages 10 to 43 form part of these financial statements.
8 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
Attributable to owners of the Company | ||||||||||||||||||||
Note | Share capital | Exchange reserves | Retained profits | Total equity | ||||||||||||||||
USD | USD | USD | USD | |||||||||||||||||
Balance at 1 January 2020 | 150,000 | (111,837 | ) | 2,180,679 | 2,218,842 | |||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income for the year | - | 77,013 | 1,672,493 | 1,749,506 | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid | 20(b) | - | - | (1,100,000 | ) | (1,100,000 | ) | |||||||||||||
Balance at 31 December 2020 and 1 January 2021 | 150,000 | (34,824 | ) | 2,753,172 | 2,868,348 | |||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income for the year | - | 19,799 | 20,871,287 | 20,891,086 | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid | 20(b) | - | - | (9,000,000 | ) | (9,000,000 | ) | |||||||||||||
Balance at 31 December 2021 | 150,000 | (15,025 | ) | 14,624,459 | 14,759,434 |
The notes on pages 10 to 43 form part of these financial statements.
9 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
Note | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
USD | USD | |||||||||||
CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||||||
Profit before taxation | 20,872,466 | 1,672,494 | ||||||||||
Adjustments for: | ||||||||||||
Interest income | 5 | (1,131 | ) | (6,784 | ) | |||||||
Interest expenses on lease liabilities | 12 | 4,063 | 3,870 | |||||||||
Depreciation of right-of-use assets | 12 | 125,561 | 105,005 | |||||||||
Depreciation of property and equipment | 11 | 44,110 | 68,507 | |||||||||
COVID-19 Related rent concession received | 12 | - | (11,004 | ) | ||||||||
Operating profit before changes in working capital | 21,045,069 | 1,832,088 | ||||||||||
Increase in trade receivables | (13,801,514 | ) | (2,479,097 | ) | ||||||||
Increase in other receivables, deposits and prepayments | (168,000 | ) | (2,989 | ) | ||||||||
Change in amounts due from/to related parties | 3,147,345 | 451,775 | ||||||||||
Increase in trade payables | 2,494,301 | 980,866 | ||||||||||
Increase in other payables and accrued expenses | 759,787 | 625,192 | ||||||||||
Cash generated from operations activities | 13,476,988 | 1,407,835 | ||||||||||
Interest expenses on lease liabilities | (4,063 | ) | (3,870 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax paid | - | (928 | ) | |||||||||
Net cash generated from operating activities | 13,472,925 | 1,403,037 | ||||||||||
CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||||||
Interest received | 1,131 | 6,784 | ||||||||||
Net cash generated from investing activities | 1,131 | 6,784 | ||||||||||
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||||||
Principal elements of lease payments | (129,481 | ) | (93,486 | ) | ||||||||
Dividends paid | 20(b) | (9,000,000 | ) | (1,100,000 | ) | |||||||
Net cash used in financing activities | (9,129,481 | ) | (1,193,486 | ) | ||||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 4,344,575 | 216,335 | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January | 1,670,749 | 1,383,553 | ||||||||||
Effect on foreign exchange rate changes | 20,725 | 70,861 | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December | 17 | 6,036,049 | 1,670,749 |
The notes on pages 10 to 43 form part of these financial statements.
10 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
1. | COMPANY INFORMATION |
ULI (North & East China) Company Limited (the “Company”) was incorporated in Hong Kong with limited liability. The address of its registered office and principal place of business are Unit 05-06, 3/F., Tower 2, Enterprise Square, 9 Sheung Yuet Road, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong and Room 1308, Tomson Commercial Building, 710 Dong Fan Road, Pu Dong, Shanghai 200122, People’s Republic of China, respectively.
The principal activities of the Company are investment holding and the provision of air and ocean freight forwarding services in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”).
The principal activity and other particulars of its subsidiary (together with the Company collectively referred to as the “Group”) is set out in note 13 to the consolidated financial statements.
The consolidated financial statements are presented in United States dollars (“USD”), which is also the functional currency of the Group.
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
(a) | Basis of preparation |
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards (“HKFRS”) issued by the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants (the “HKICPA”). These consolidated financial statements also comply with the applicable requirements of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622). Significant accounting policies adopted by the Group are disclosed below.
The IASB/HKICPA has issued certain new and revised IFRSs/HKFRSs that are first effective or available for early adoption for the current accounting period of the Group. Note 3 provides information on any changes in accounting policies resulting from initial application of these developments to the extent that they are relevant to the Group for the current and prior accounting periods reflected in these consolidated financial statements.
The consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2021 comprise the Company and its subsidiary.
The measurement basis used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements is the historical cost basis. Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for assets.
11 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(a) | Basis of preparation (cont’d) |
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRSs and HKFRSs requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making the judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
Judgements and estimates made by management in the application of IFRSs and HKFRSs that have significant effect on the consolidated financial statements are discussed in note 26.
(b) | Consolidation |
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiary made up to 31 December. Subsidiary is entities over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when it is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. The Group has power over an entity when the Group has existing rights that give it the current ability to direct the relevant activities, i.e. activities that significantly affect the entity’s returns.
When assessing control, the Group considers its potential voting rights as well as potential voting rights held by other parties. A potential voting right is considered only if the holder has the practical ability to exercise that right.
Subsidiary is consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the date the control ceases.
The gain or loss on the disposal of a subsidiary that results in a loss of control represents the difference between (i) the fair value of the consideration of the sale plus the fair value of any investment retained in that subsidiary and (ii) the Company’s share of the net assets of that subsidiary plus any remaining goodwill and any accumulated foreign currency translation reserve relating to that subsidiary.
12 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(b) | Consolidation (cont’d) |
Intragroup transactions, balances and unrealised profits are eliminated. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. Accounting policies of subsidiary has been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group.
Non-controlling interests represent the equity in subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the Company. Non-controlling interests are presented in the consolidated statement of financial position and consolidated statement of changes in equity within equity. Non-controlling interests are presented in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income as an allocation of profit or loss and total comprehensive income for the year between the non-controlling shareholders and owners of the Company.
Profit or loss and each component of other comprehensive income are attributed to the owners of the Company and to the non-controlling shareholders even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance.
Changes in the Company’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in a loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions (i.e. transactions with owners in their capacity as owners). The carrying amounts of the controlling and non-controlling interests are adjusted to reflect the changes in their relative interests in the subsidiary. Any difference between the amount by which the non-controlling interests are adjusted and the fair value of the consideration paid or received is recognised directly in equity and attributed to the owners of the Company.
In the Company’s statement of financial position, an investment in a subsidiary is stated at cost less impairment loss, unless the investment is classified as held for sale (or included in a disposal group that is classified as held for sale).
(c) | Foreign currency translation |
(i) | Functional and presentation currency |
Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the “functional currency”). The consolidated financial statements are presented in United States dollars, which is the Company’s functional and presentation currency.
13 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(c) | Foreign currency translation (cont’d) |
(ii) | Transactions and balances in each entity’s financial statements |
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency on initial recognition using the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates. Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rates at the end of each reporting period. Gains and losses resulting from this translation policy are recognised in profit or loss.
Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rates at the dates when the fair values are determined.
When a gain or loss on a non-monetary item is recognised in other comprehensive income, any exchange component of that gain or loss is recognised in other comprehensive income. When a gain or loss on a non-monetary item is recognised in profit or loss, any exchange component of that gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss.
(iii) | Translation on consolidation |
The results and financial position of all the Group entities that have a functional currency different from the Company’s presentation currency are translated into the Company’s presentation currency as follows:
- | Assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that statement of financial position; | |
- | Income and expenses are translated at average exchange rates for the period (unless this average is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at the exchange rates on the transaction dates); and | |
- | All resulting exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in the foreign currency translation reserve. |
On consolidation, exchange differences arising from the translation of monetary items that form part of the net investment in foreign entities are recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in the foreign currency translation reserve.
14 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(d) | Property and equipment |
Property and equipment are stated in the consolidated statement of financial position at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
Depreciation of property and equipment is calculated at rates sufficient to write off their costs less their residual values over the estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis. The principal annual rates are as follows:
- Leasehold improvements | 25% |
- Office equipment | 20% - 25% |
- Motor vehicles | 20% - 25% |
The residual values, useful lives and depreciation method are reviewed and adjusted, if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.
(e) | Leases |
At inception of a contract, the Group assesses whether the contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Control is conveyed where the customer has both the right to direct the use of the identified asset and to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from that use.
The Group as a lessee
Where the contract contains lease component(s) and non-lease component(s), the Group has elected not to separate non-lease components and accounts for each lease component and any associated non-lease components as a single lease component for all leases.
At the lease commencement date, the Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, except for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets which, for the Group are primarily copier. When the Group enters into a lease in respect of a low-value asset, the Group decides whether to capitalise the lease on a lease-by-lease basis. The lease payments associated with those leases which are not capitalised are recognised as an expense on a systematic basis over the lease term.
15 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(e) | Leases (cont’d) |
The Group as a lessee (cont’d)
Where the lease is capitalised, the lease liability is initially recognised at the present value of the lease payments payable over the lease term, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, using a relevant incremental borrowing rate. After initial recognition, the lease liability is measured at amortised cost and interest expense is calculated using the effective interest method. Variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or rate are not included in the measurement of the lease liability and hence are charged to profit or loss in the accounting period in which they are incurred.
The right-of-use asset recognised when a lease is capitalised is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability plus any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, and any initial direct costs incurred. Where applicable, the cost of the right-of-use assets also includes an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, discounted to their present value, less any lease incentives received. The right-of-use asset is subsequently stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.
Right-of-use assets in which the Group is reasonably certain to obtain ownership of the underlying leased assets at the end of the lease term are depreciated from commencement date to the end of the useful life. Otherwise, right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of its estimated useful life and the lease term.
When the Group obtains ownership of the underlying leased assets at the end of the lease term, upon exercising purchase options, the cost of the relevant right-of-use assets and the related accumulated depreciation and impairment loss are transferred to property, plant and equipment / the carrying amount of the relevant right-of-use asset is transferred to property, plant and equipment.
Refundable rental deposits paid are accounted under HKFRS 9 and initially measured at fair value. Adjustments to fair value at initial recognition are considered as additional lease payments and included in the cost of right-of-use assets.
The lease liability is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, or there is a change in the Group’s estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or there is a change arising from the reassessment of whether the Group will be reasonably certain to exercise a purchase, extension or termination option. When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.
16 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(e) | Leases (cont’d) |
The Group as a lessee (cont’d)
The lease liability is also remeasured when there is a change in the scope of a lease or the consideration for a lease that is not originally provided for in the lease contract (“lease modification”) that is not accounted for as a separate lease. In this case the lease liability is remeasured based on the revised lease payments and lease term using a revised discount rate at the effective date of the modification. The only exceptions are any rent concessions which arose as a direct consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic and which satisfied the conditions set out in paragraph 46B of IFRS/HKFRS 16. In such cases, the Group took advantage of the practical expedient set out in paragraph 46A of IFRS/HKFRS 16 and recognised the change in consideration as if it were not a lease modification.
(f) | Recognition and derecognition of financial instruments |
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the consolidated statement of financial position when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in profit or loss.
The Group derecognises a financial asset only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another entity. If the Group neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, the Group recognises its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. If the Group retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the Group continues to recognise the financial asset and also recognises a collateralised borrowing for the proceeds received.
The Group derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Group’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable, including any non-cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed, is recognised in profit or loss.
17 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(g) | Financial assets |
All regular way purchases or sales of financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a trade date basis. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within the time frame established by regulation or convention in the marketplace. All recognised financial assets are measured subsequently in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.
Debt investments held by the Group are classified as amortised cost, if the investment is held for the collection of contractual cash flows which represent solely payments of principal and interest. Interest income from the investment is calculated using the effective interest method.
(h) | Trade and other receivables |
A receivable is recognised when the Group has an unconditional right to receive consideration. A right to receive consideration is unconditional if only the passage of time is required before payment of that consideration is due. If revenue has been recognised before the Group has an unconditional right to receive consideration, the amount is presented as a contract asset.
Receivables are stated at amortised cost using the effective interest method less allowance for credit losses.
(i) | Cash and cash equivalents |
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and on hand, demand deposits with banks and other financial institutions, and short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, having been within three months of maturity at acquisition. Cash and cash equivalents are assessed for expected credit losses (“ECL”).
(j) | Financial liabilities and equity instruments |
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument under IFRSs and HKFRSs. An equity instrument is any contract the evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group, after deducting all of its liabilities. The accounting policies adopted for specific financial liabilities and equity instruments are set out below.
18 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(k) | Trade and other payables |
Trade and other payables are recognised initially at fair value, and are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the effect of discounting would be immaterial, in which case they are stated at cost.
(l) | Equity instruments |
An equity instrument is any contract that evidence a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.
(m) | Employee benefits |
(i) | Employee leave entitlements |
Employee entitlements to annual leave and long service leave are recognised when they accrue to employees. A provision is made for the estimated liability for annual leave and long service leave as a result of services rendered by employees up to the end of the reporting period.
Employee entitlements to sick leave and maternity leave are not recognised until the time of leave.
(ii) | Pension obligations |
The Group contributes to defined contribution retirement schemes which are available to all employees. Contributions to the schemes by the Group and employees are calculated as a percentage of employees’ basic salaries. The retirement benefit scheme cost charged to profit or loss represents contributions payable by the Group to the funds.
(iii) | Termination benefits |
Termination benefits are recognised at the earlier of the dates when the Group can no longer withdraw the offer of those benefits, and when the Group recognises restructuring costs and involves the payment of termination benefits.
19 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(n) | Taxation |
Income tax represents the sum of the current tax and deferred tax.
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit recognised in profit or loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Group’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
Deferred tax is recognised on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses or unused tax credits can be utilised. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences arising on investment in a subsidiary except where the Group is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised, based on tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. Deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss, except when it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case the deferred tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.
The measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Group expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Group intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.
20 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(o) | Impairment of non-financial assets |
The carrying amounts of non-financial assets are reviewed at each reporting date for indications of impairment and where an asset is impaired, it is written down as an expense through the consolidated statement of profit or loss to its estimated recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. If this is the case, recoverable amount is determined for the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. Recoverable amount is the higher of value in use and the fair value less costs of disposal of the individual asset or the cash-generating unit.
Value in use is the present value of the estimated future cash flows of the asset / cash- generating unit. Present values are computed using pre-tax discount rates that reflect the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset / cash-generating unit whose impairment is being measured.
Impairment losses for cash-generating units are allocated first against the goodwill of the unit and then pro rata amongst the other assets of the cash-generating unit. Subsequent increases in the recoverable amount caused by changes in estimates are credited to profit or loss to the extent that they reverse the impairment.
(p) | Impairment of financial assets |
The Group recognises a loss allowance for ECL on investments in debt instruments which are measured at amortised cost. The amount of ECL is updated at each reporting date to reflect changes in credit risk since initial recognition of the respective financial instrument.
The Group always recognises lifetime ECL for trade receivables. The ECL on these financial assets are estimated using a provision matrix based on the Group’s historical credit loss experience, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, general economic conditions and an assessment of both the current as well as the forecast direction of conditions at the reporting date, including time value of money where appropriate.
For all other financial instruments, the Group recognises lifetime ECL when there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition. However, if the credit risk on the financial instrument has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Group measures the loss allowance for that financial instrument at an amount equal to 12-month ECL.
Lifetime ECL represents the ECL that will result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. In contrast, 12-month ECL represents the portion of lifetime ECL that is expected to result from default events on a financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.
21 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(p) | Impairment of financial assets (cont’d) |
Significant increase in credit risk
In assessing whether the credit risk on a financial instrument has increased significantly since initial recognition, the Group compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument at the reporting date with the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument at the date of initial recognition. In making this assessment, the Group considers both quantitative and qualitative information that is reasonable and supportable, including historical experience and forward-looking information that is available without undue cost or effort. Forward-looking information considered includes the future prospects of the industries in which the Group’s debtors operate, obtained from economic expert reports, financial analysts, governmental bodies, relevant think-tanks and other similar organisations, as well as consideration of various external sources of actual and forecast economic information that relate to the Group’s core operations.
In particular, the following information is taken into account when assessing whether credit risk has increased significantly since initial recognition:
- | an actual or expected significant deterioration in the financial instrument’s external (if available) or internal credit rating; | |
- | significant deterioration in external market indicators of credit risk for a particular financial instrument; | |
- | existing or forecast adverse changes in business, financial or economic conditions that are expected to cause a significant decrease in the debtor’s ability to meet its debt obligations; | |
- | an actual or expected significant deterioration in the operating results of the debtor; | |
- | significant increases in credit risk on other financial instruments of the same debtor; | |
- | an actual or expected significant adverse change in the regulatory, economic, or technological environment of the debtor that results in a significant decrease in the debtor’s ability to meet its debt obligations. |
Irrespective of the outcome of the above assessment, the Group presumes that the credit risk on a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition when contractual payments are more than 30 days past due, unless the Group has reasonable and supportable information that demonstrates otherwise.
22 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(p) | Impairment of financial assets (cont’d) |
Significant increase in credit risk (cont’d)
Despite the foregoing, the Group assumes that the credit risk on a financial instrument has not increased significantly since initial recognition if the financial instrument is determined to have low credit risk at the reporting date. A financial instrument is determined to have low credit risk if:
(i) | the financial instrument has a low risk of default, | |
(ii) | the debtor has a strong capacity to meet its contractual cash flow obligations in the near term, and | |
(iii) | adverse changes in economic and business conditions in the longer term may, but will not necessarily, reduce the ability of the borrower to fulfil its contractual cash flow obligations. |
The Group considers a financial asset to have low credit risk when the asset has external credit rating of “investment grade” in accordance with the globally understood definition or if an external rating is not available, the asset has an internal rating of “performing”. Performing means that the counterparty has a strong financial position and there is no past due amounts.
The Group regularly monitors the effectiveness of the criteria used to identify whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk and revises them as appropriate to ensure that the criteria are capable of identifying significant increase in credit risk before the amount becomes past due.
Definition of default
The Group considers the following as constituting an event of default for internal credit risk management purposes as historical experience indicates that receivables that meet either of the following criteria are generally not recoverable.
- | when there is a breach of financial covenants by the counterparty; or | |
- | information developed internally or obtained from external sources indicates that the debtor is unlikely to pay its creditors, including the Group, in full (without taking into account any collaterals held by the Group). |
Irrespective of the above analysis, the Group considers that default has occurred when a financial asset is more than 180 days past due unless the Group has reasonable and supportable information to demonstrate that a more lagging default criterion is more appropriate.
23 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(p) | Impairment of financial assets (cont’d) |
Credit-impaired financial assets
A financial asset is credit-impaired when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of that financial asset have occurred. Evidence that a financial asset is credit-impaired includes observable data about the following events:
- | significant financial difficulty of the issuer or the counterparty; | |
- | a breach of contract, such as a default or past due event; | |
- | the lender(s) of the counterparty, for economic or contractual reasons relating to the counterparty’s financial difficulty, having granted to the counterparty a concession(s) that the lender(s) would not otherwise consider; or | |
- | it is becoming probable that the counterparty will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganization; or | |
- | the disappearance of an active market for that financial asset because of financial difficulties. |
Write-off policy
The Group writes off a financial asset when there is information indicating that the debtor is in severe financial difficulty and there is no realistic prospect of recovery, including when the debtor has been placed under liquidation or has entered into bankruptcy proceedings, or in the case of trade receivables, when the amounts are over two years past due, whichever occurs sooner. Financial assets written off may still be subject to enforcement activities under the Group’s recovery procedures, taking into account legal advice where appropriate. Any recoveries made are recognised in profit or loss.
Measurement and recognition of ECL
The measurement of ECL is a function of the probability of default, loss given default (i.e. the magnitude of the loss if there is a default) and the exposure at default. The assessment of the probability of default and loss given default is based on historical data adjusted by forward-looking information as described above. As for the exposure at default, for financial assets, this is represented by the assets’ gross carrying amount at the reporting date; together with any additional amounts expected to be drawn down in the future by default date determined based on historical trend, the Group’s understanding of the specific future financing needs of the debtors, and other relevant forward-looking information.
24 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(p) | Impairment of financial assets (cont’d) |
Measurement and recognition of ECL (cont’d)
For financial assets, the ECL is estimated as the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Group in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Group expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate.
If the Group has measured the loss allowance for a financial instrument at an amount equal to lifetime ECL in the previous reporting period, but determines at the current reporting date that the conditions for lifetime ECL are no longer met, the Group measures the loss allowance at an amount equal to 12-month ECL at the current reporting date, except for assets for which simplified approach was used.
The Group recognises an impairment gain or loss in profit or loss for all financial instruments with a corresponding adjustment to their carrying amount through a loss allowance account, and does not reduce the carrying amount of the financial asset in the statement of financial position.
(q) | Provisions and contingent liabilities |
Provisions are recognised for liabilities of uncertain timing or amount when the Group has a legal or constructive obligation arising as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made. Where the time value of money is material, provisions are stated at the present value of the expenditure expected to settle the obligation.
Where it is not probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required, or the amount cannot be estimated reliably, the obligation is disclosed as a contingent liability, unless the probability of outflow of economic benefits is remote. Possible obligations, whose existence will only be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events are also disclosed as contingent liabilities unless the probability of outflow of economic benefits is remote.
(r) | Revenue and other income |
Revenue is recognised when control over service is transferred to the customer, at the amount of promised consideration to which the Group is expected to be entitled, excluding those amounts collected on behalf of third parties. Revenue excludes value added tax or other sales taxes and is after deduction of any trade discounts.
Revenue from the provision of freight forwarding services is recognised when control of the cargoes has transferred, being when the cargoes have been delivered to the customer’s specific location (delivery). Following delivery, the customer has the primary responsibility on delivering the cargoes and bears the risks and loss in relation to the cargoes. A receivable is recognised by the Group when the cargoes are delivered to the customer as this represents the point in time at which the right to consideration becomes unconditional, as only the passage of time is required before payment is due.
25 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
2. | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D) |
(r) | Revenue and other income (cont’d) |
Management fee income is recognised based on the state of completion of the contract. Payment for management services is not due from the customer until the management services are complete and therefore a contract asset is recognised over the period in which the management services are performed representing the entity’s right to consideration for the services performed to date.
Interest income is recognised as it accrues using the effective interest method. For financial assets measured at amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income (recycling) that are not credit-impaired, the effective interest rate is applied to the gross carrying amount of the asset. For credit impaired financial assets, the effective interest rate is applied to the amortised cost (i.e. gross carrying amount net of loss allowance) of the asset.
3. | ADOPTION OF NEW AND REVISED INTERNATIONAL/HONG KONG FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS |
(a) | Application of new and revised IFRSs/HKFRSs |
The Group has applied the the following amendments to IFRSs/HKFRSs issued by the IASB/HKICPA for the first time, which are mandatorily effective for the annual period beginning on or after 1 January 2021 for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements:
Amendments to IFRS/HKFRS 9, IAS/HKAS 39, IFRS/HKFRS 7, IFRS/HKFRS 4 and IFRS/HKFRS 16 |
Interest Rate Benchmark Reform - Phase 2 |
The application of the amendments to IFRSs/HKFRSs in the current year had no material impact on the Group’s financial positions and performance for the current and prior years and/or on the disclosures set out in these consolidated financial statements.
(b) | New and revised IFRSs/HKFRSs in issue but not yet effective |
The Group has not early applied new and revised IFRSs/HKFRSs that have been issued but are not yet effective for the financial year beginning on 1 January 2021. These new and revised IFRSs/HKFRSs include the following which may be relevant to the Group.
26 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
3. | ADOPTION OF NEW AND REVISED INTERNATIONAL/HONG KONG FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS (CONT’D) |
(b) | New and revised IFRSs/HKFRSs in issue but not yet effective (cont’d) |
Effective for accounting periods beginning on or after | ||
Amendments to IFRS/HKFRS 3 Business Combination - Reference to the Conceptual Framework | 1 January 2022 | |
Amendments to IAS/HKAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment: Proceeds before Intended Use | 1 January 2022 | |
Annual Improvements to IFRSs/HKFRSs 2018 - 2020 Cycle | 1 January 2022 | |
Amendments to IAS/HKAS 1 Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current | 1 January 2023 | |
Amendments to IAS/HKAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements and IFRS/HKFRS Practice Statement 2 Making Materiality Judgements - Disclosure of Accounting Policies | 1 January 2023 | |
Amendments to IAS/HKAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors - Definition of Accounting Estimates | 1 January 2023 | |
Amendments to IAS/HKAS 12 Income Taxes – Deferred Tax Related to Assets and Liabilities Arising from a Single Transaction | 1 January 2023 |
The Group is in the process of making an assessment of what the impact of these amendments and new standards is expected to be in the period of initial application. So far it has concluded that the adoption of them is unlikely to have a significant impact on the financial statements.
27 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
4. | REVENUE |
The principal activities of the Group are investment holding and the provision of air and ocean freight forwarding services in the PRC. The subsidiary is principally engaged in the provision of air and ocean freight forwarding services in the PRC.
Revenue represents gross invoiced freight income and recognised at a point in time for the year.
5. | OTHER INCOME |
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Bank interest income | 1,131 | 6,784 | ||||||
Sundry income | 68,376 | 78,912 | ||||||
69,507 | 85,696 |
6. | PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION |
Profit before taxation is arrived at after charging:
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
(a) Staff costs (including directors’ remuneration) (note 8): | ||||||||
- Salaries and allowances | 6,576,473 | 2,474,368 | ||||||
- Retirement scheme contributions | 518,895 | 264,566 | ||||||
7,095,368 | 2,738,934 | |||||||
(b) Other items: | ||||||||
Auditor’s remuneration | 15,648 | 11,994 | ||||||
Depreciation of property and equipment | 44,110 | 68,507 | ||||||
Depreciation of right-of-use assets | 125,561 | 105,005 | ||||||
Rental charges under operating leases in respect of land and buildings | 264,781 | 226,579 |
28 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
7. | INCOME TAX EXPENSE |
(a) | Income tax has been recognised in profit or loss as following: |
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Current tax - PRC | ||||||||
Provision for the year | 1,179 | - | ||||||
Under-provision in prior years | - | 1 | ||||||
1,179 | 1 |
No provision for Hong Kong Profits Tax is required since the Company’s income is derived from overseas sources which is not liable to Hong Kong Profits Tax.
Taxation for PRC subsidiary is charged at the appropriate current rates of taxation ruling in the relevant tax jurisdictions.
(b) | Reconciliation between income tax expense and accounting profit at applicable tax rates: |
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Profit before taxation | 20,872,466 | 1,672,494 | ||||||
Tax at the PRC Enterprise Income Tax of 25% (2020: 25%) | 5,218,117 | 418,123 | ||||||
Tax effect of non-taxable income | (28,248,501 | ) | (8,915,489 | ) | ||||
Tax effect of non-deductible expenses | 23,069,627 | 8,472,534 | ||||||
Tax effect of tax losses not recognised | - | 24,832 | ||||||
Tax effect of utilisation of tax losses not previously recognised | (26,471 | ) | - | |||||
Tax concession | (10,613 | ) | - | |||||
Under-provision in prior years | - | 1 | ||||||
Under-provision in current year | (980 | ) | - | |||||
Income tax expense | 1,179 | 1 |
29 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
8. | BENEFITS AND INTERESTS OF DIRECTORS |
(a) | Directors emoluments |
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Directors’ fees | - | - | ||||||
Salaries and allowances | 3,671,492 | 338,542 | ||||||
3,671,492 | 338,542 |
(b) | Directors’ material interests in transactions, arrangements or contracts |
Identity of related parties | Nature of related party relationship | Type of transactions | Volume of transactions | |||||
US$ | ||||||||
Unique Logistics International (SIN) Pte Ltd. | Related Company | Freight income received | 9,004 | |||||
Shenzhen Unique Logistics International Limited | Related Company | Freight income received | 293,275 | |||||
Freight charges paid | 17,794 | |||||||
Unique Logistics (Korea) Co., Ltd | Related Company | Freight income received | 518 | |||||
Unique Logistics International (ATL) LLC | Related Company | Freight income received | 5,462,684 | |||||
Unique Logistics International (BOS) Inc. | Related Company | Freight income received | 4,408,331 | |||||
Unique Logistics International (HK) Limited | Related Company | Freight income received | 252,294 | |||||
Management fee income received | 60,000 | |||||||
Unique Logistics International (India) Private Limited | Related Company | Freight income received | 648 | |||||
Freight charges paid | 176,438 | |||||||
Unique Logistics International (NYC) LLC | Related Company | Freight income received | 21,796,019 | |||||
Unique Logistics International (Vietnam) Co., Ltd. | Related Company | Freight income received | 193,660 | |||||
Freight charges paid | 125,055 | |||||||
Asia Freight Solutions (HK) Limited | Related Company | Freight income received | 101,149 | |||||
PT. Unique Logistics International Indonesia | Related Company | Freight income received | 7,396 | |||||
TGF Unique Limited | Related Company | Freight income received | 452,567 | |||||
Unique Logistics International (LAX) Inc. | Related Company | Freight income received | 1,739,931 | |||||
ULI International Company Limited | Related Company | Freight income received | 90,270 | |||||
Uniquorn Internationl Logistics Co., Ltd. 武漢灝威國際物流有限公司 | Related Company | Freight income received | 4,100 | |||||
Guangzhou Unique Logistics International Limited | Related Company | Freight charges paid | 470 | |||||
Unique Logistics International (South China) Limited - Xiamen Branch | Related Company | Freight charges paid | 88,893 | |||||
Unique International Logistics (M) Sdn. Bhd. | Related Company | Freight income received | 63,226 | |||||
Unique Freight Solutions (Thailand) Co., Ltd. | Related Company | Freight income received | 7,172 | |||||
Unique Logistics International Philippines Inc. | Related Company | Freight income received | 956 | |||||
孫文琪、劉曙光 | Shareholder | Rental expenses | 238,735 | |||||
孫文琪 | Shareholder | Management fee | 36,000 | |||||
Unique Logistics Holdings Limited | Shareholder | Management fee | 12,339 | |||||
劉曙光 | Close member of shareholder | Salaries | 30,936 |
Save for contracts amongst group companies and the aforementioned transactions, no other transactions, arrangements and contracts to which the Company was a party and in which a director of the Company and other director’s connected party had a material interest, whether directly or indirectly, subsisted at the end of the year or at any time during the year.
30 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
9. | PROFIT ATTRIBUTABLE TO SHAREHOLDERS |
The profit attributable to shareholders is dealt with in the financial statements of the Company to the extent of USD20,712,076 (2020: USD1,772,460).
10. | OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR |
Tax effects relating to each component of other comprehensive income are as follow:
2021 | 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Before tax amount | Tax expense | Net-of-tax amount | Before tax amount | Tax expense | Net-of-tax amount | |||||||||||||||||||
USD | USD | USD | USD | USD | USD | |||||||||||||||||||
Exchange differences on translation of financial statements of overseas subsidiary | 19,799 | - | 19,799 | 77,013 | - | 77,013 |
11. | PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT |
Leasehold improvements | Office equipment | Motor vehicles | Total | |||||||||||||
USD | USD | USD | USD | |||||||||||||
Cost: | ||||||||||||||||
At 1 January 2020 | 90,283 | 159,674 | 434,842 | 684,799 | ||||||||||||
Exchange alignment | - | 2,682 | 22,291 | 24,973 | ||||||||||||
At 31 December 2020 and 1 January 2021 | 90,283 | 162,356 | 457,133 | 709,772 | ||||||||||||
Exchange alignment | - | 845 | 7,024 | 7,869 | ||||||||||||
At 31 December 2021 | 90,283 | 163,201 | 464,157 | 717,641 | ||||||||||||
Accumulated depreciation: | ||||||||||||||||
At 1 January 2020 | 90,283 | 138,365 | 295,844 | 524,492 | ||||||||||||
Charge for the year | - | 6,894 | 61,613 | 68,507 | ||||||||||||
Exchange alignment | - | 1,608 | 16,196 | 17,804 | ||||||||||||
At 31 December 2020 and 1 January 2021 | 90,283 | 146,867 | 373,653 | 610,803 | ||||||||||||
Charge for the year | - | 6,698 | 37,412 | 44,110 | ||||||||||||
Exchange alignment | - | 604 | 5,744 | 6,348 | ||||||||||||
At 31 December 2021 | 90,283 | 154,169 | 416,809 | 661,261 | ||||||||||||
Carrying value: | ||||||||||||||||
At 31 December 2021 | - | 9,032 | 47,348 | 56,380 | ||||||||||||
At 31 December 2020 | - | 15,489 | 83,480 | 98,969 |
31 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
12. | RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS |
Leased properties | ||||
USD | ||||
At 1 January 2020 | 199,906 | |||
Modifications | 33,986 | |||
Depreciation | (105,005 | ) | ||
Exchange differences | 7,844 | |||
At 31 December 2020 and 1 January 2021 | 136,731 | |||
Remeasurement of lease liabilities | 21,853 | |||
Depreciation | (125,561 | ) | ||
Exchange differences | 1,629 | |||
At 31 December 2021 | 34,652 |
Lease liabilities of USD36,786 (2020: USD140,351) are recognised with related right-of-use assets of USD34,652 (2020: USD136,731) as at 31 December 2021. The lease agreements do not impose any covenants other than the security interests in the leased assets that are held by the lessor. Leased assets may not be used as security for borrowing purposes.
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Depreciation expenses on right-of-use assets | 125,561 | 105,005 | ||||||
Interest expense on lease liabilities (included in finance costs) | 4,063 | 3,870 | ||||||
Expenses relating to short-term lease (included in administrative expenses) | 264,781 | 222,004 | ||||||
Expenses relating to lease of low value assets | - | 473 | ||||||
COVID-19 related rent concessions received | - | 11,004 |
Details of total cash outflow for leases is set out in note 21(b).
For both years, the Group leases various offices for its operations. Lease contracts are entered into for fixed average terms ranging from 1 to 5 years (2020: 1 to 5 years). Lease terms are negotiated on an individual basis and contain a wide range of different terms and conditions. In determining the lease term and assessing the length of the non-cancellable period, the Group applies the definition of a contract and determines the period for which the contract is enforceable.
32 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
13. | INVESTMENT IN A SUBSIDIARY |
Details of a subsidiary as at 31 December 2021 are as follows:
Company | Place of incorporation | Particulars of issued/ paid up capital | Direct percentage of interest in ownership/ voting power | Principal activities | ||||||
Unique Logistics International (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | PRC | Paid up capital of USD1,150,000 | 100% | Provision of freight forwarding services |
14. | TRADE RECEIVABLES |
All trade receivables are expected to be recovered within one year.
(a) | Foreign currency |
Included in trade receivables are the following amounts denominated in currencies other than the Group’s functional currency:
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Renminbi | 411,753 | 539,661 | ||||||
Hong Kong dollars | - | (252 | ) |
(b) | Impairment of trade receivables |
At 31 December 2021, the Group did not have any impaired receivables. The Group did not hold any collateral over this balance.
(c) | Trade receivables that are not impaired |
Receivables that were neither past due nor impaired relate to wide range of customers for whom there was no recent history of default.
Receivables that were past due but not impaired related a number of independent customers that have a good track record with the Group. Based on past experience, management believes that no loss allowance for ECL is necessary in respect of these balances as there has not been a significant change in credit quality and the balances are considered fully recoverable. The Group does not hold any collateral over these balances.
Included in trade receivables are amounts due from related companies of USD12,181,995 (2020: USD1,756,829).
33 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
15. | OTHER RECEIVABLES, DEPOSITS AND PREPAYMENTS |
All other receivables, deposits and prepayments are expected to be recovered or recognised as expense within one year.
16. | AMOUNTS DUE FROM/TO RELATED PARTIES |
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Amounts due from related parties | ||||||||
- Related companies | 7,488 | 25,106 | ||||||
Amounts due to related parties | ||||||||
- Related company | - | 4,187 | ||||||
- Director | 3,163,759 | 29,845 | ||||||
3,163,759 | 34,032 |
The balances with related parties are in nature of current accounts, unsecured, interest free and have no fixed terms of repayment.
17. | CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
Cash and cash equivalents represent cash at bank and on hand. Cash at bank earns interest at floating interest rates based on daily bank deposits rates.
18. | TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES AND ACCRUED EXPENSES |
Trade and other payables and accrued expenses are expected to be settled within one year.
Included in trade and other payables and accrued expenses are the following amounts denominated in currencies other than the Group’s functional currency:
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Renminbi | 2,007,192 | 1,948,931 |
34 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
19. | LEASE LIABILITIES |
Minimum lease payments | Present value of minimum lease payments | |||||||||||||||
2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||||||||
USD | USD | USD | USD | |||||||||||||
Within one year | 37,273 | 107,687 | 36,786 | 106,707 | ||||||||||||
In the second to fifth years, inclusive | - | 33,644 | - | 33,644 | ||||||||||||
37,273 | 141,331 | 36,786 | 140,351 | |||||||||||||
Less: Future finance charges | (487 | ) | (980 | ) | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||
Present value of lease obligations | 36,786 | 140,351 | 36,786 | 140,351 | ||||||||||||
Less: Amount due for settlement within 12 months (shown under current liabilities) | (36,786 | ) | (106,707 | ) | ||||||||||||
Amount due for settlement after 12 months | - | 33,644 |
20. | CAPITAL, RESERVES AND DIVIDEND |
(a) | Share capital |
2021 | 2020 | |||||||||||||||
Number of shares | Amount | Number of shares | Amount | |||||||||||||
USD | USD | |||||||||||||||
Ordinary shares, issued and fully paid | ||||||||||||||||
At 1 January and 31 December | 150,000 | 150,000 | 150,000 | 150,000 |
The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time and are entitled to one vote per share at meetings of the Company. All ordinary shares rank equally with regard to the Company’s residual assets.
(b) | Dividends |
2021 | 2020 | |||||||||||||||
USD | USD | |||||||||||||||
per share | USD | per share | USD | |||||||||||||
Ordinary dividends paid | ||||||||||||||||
- interim dividend in respect of the current financial year approved and paid during theyear | 60 | 9,000,000 | 7.33 | 1,100,000 |
35 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
20. | CAPITAL, RESERVES AND DIVIDEND (CONT’D) |
(c) | Capital management |
Capital comprises share capital and reserve stated in the statement of financial position. The Group’s objective when managing capital is to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern, so that it can continue to provide returns for shareholders.
The Group manages capital by regularly monitoring its current and expected liquidity requirements rather than using debt/equity ratio analysis.
The Group is not subject to either internally or externally imposed capital requirements.
21. | NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS |
(a) | Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities |
The table below details changes in the Group’s liabilities arising from financing activities, including both cash and non-cash changes. Liabilities arising from financing activities are those for which cash flows were, or future cash flows will be, classified in the Group’s statement of cash flows as cash flows from financing activities.
1 January 2021 | Remeasurement of lease liabilities | Cash flows | Exchange difference | Interest expenses | 31 December 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||
USD | USD | USD | USD | USD | USD | |||||||||||||||||||
Lease liabilities (note 21) | 140,351 | 24,233 | (133,544 | ) | 1,683 | 4,063 | 36,786 |
1 January 2020 | Cash flows | Exchange difference | Interest expenses | Modifications of right-of- use assets | 31 December 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||
USD | USD | USD | USD | USD | USD | |||||||||||||||||||
Lease liabilities (note 21) | 202,785 | (108,360 | ) | 8,070 | 3,870 | 33,986 | 140,351 |
(b) | Total cash outflow for leases |
Amounts included in the statement of cash flows for leases comprise the following:
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Within operating cash flows | 4,063 | 3,870 | ||||||
Within financing cash flows | 129,481 | 93,486 | ||||||
133,544 | 97,356 |
These amounts related to the following:
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Lease rental paid | 133,544 | 97,356 |
36 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
22. | STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AND RESERVE MOVEMENT OF THE COMPANY |
(a) | Statement of financial position of the Company |
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||
Investment in a subsidiary | 1,150,008 | 1,150,008 | ||||||
Property and equipment | - | 50 | ||||||
1,150,008 | 1,150,058 | |||||||
Current assets | ||||||||
Trade receivables | 16,983,014 | 3,648,717 | ||||||
Other receivables, deposits and prepayments | 85,105 | 18,250 | ||||||
Amounts due from a subsidiary | 1,781,507 | 157,693 | ||||||
Amounts due from related parties | 7,488 | 25,106 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 4,093,370 | 1,065,655 | ||||||
22,950,484 | 4,915,421 | |||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||
Trade payables | 4,823,692 | 2,360,189 | ||||||
Other payables and accrued expenses | 1,560,470 | 830,763 | ||||||
Due to related parties | 3,163,759 | 34,032 | ||||||
9,547,921 | 3,224,984 | |||||||
Net current assets | 13,402,563 | 1,690,437 | ||||||
NET ASSETS | 14,552,571 | 2,840,495 | ||||||
Capital and reserves | ||||||||
Share capital | 150,000 | 150,000 | ||||||
Reserves | 14,402,571 | 2,690,495 | ||||||
TOTAL EQUITY | 14,552,571 | 2,840,495 |
Approved by the Board of Directors on 22 August 2022 and are signed on its behalf by:
Lee Chi Tak, Richard | Sun Wen Chi, George |
37 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
22. | STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AND RESERVE MOVEMENT OF THE COMPANY (CONT’D) |
(b) | Reserve movement of the Company |
Share capital | Retained profits | Total equity | ||||||||||
USD | USD | USD | ||||||||||
Balance at 1 January 2020 | 150,000 | 2,018,035 | 2,168,035 | |||||||||
Total comprehensive income for the year | - | 1,772,460 | 1,772,460 | |||||||||
Dividends paid | - | (1,100,000 | ) | (1,100,000 | ) | |||||||
Balance at 31 December 2020 | 150,000 | 2,690,495 | 2,840,495 | |||||||||
Total comprehensive income | ||||||||||||
for the year | - | 20,712,076 | 20,712,076 | |||||||||
Dividends paid | - | (9,000,000 | ) | (9,000,000 | ) | |||||||
Balance at 31 December 2021 | 150,000 | 14,402,571 | 14,552,571 |
23. | RESERVES |
(a) | Group |
The amounts of the Group’s reserves and movements therein are presented in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income and consolidated statement of changes in equity.
(b) | Nature and purpose of reserves |
(i) | Exchange reserve |
The exchange reserve comprises all foreign exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of foreign operations. The reserve is dealt with in accordance with accounting policies set out in note 2(c) to the consolidated financial statements.
38 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
23. | RESERVES (CONT’D) |
(b) |
Nature and purpose of reserves (cont’d) |
(ii) | Statutory reserve |
Pursuant to the laws and regulations governing the PRC enterprises, the Group’s PRC subsidiary, which is a wholly foreign-owned enterprise, is required to allocate at least 10% of their after-tax profit but before dividend distribution to the statutory reserve until the reserve has reached 50% of their registered capital. The statutory reserve can only be used, upon approval by the relevant authority, to offset accumulated losses or increase capital. No appropriation was made to statutory reserve as the retained earnings of the PRC subsidiary was RMB1.4 million (2020: RMB0.4 million), respectively. The enterprise expansion fund can only be used to increase capital upon approval by the relevant authority. Appropriation to enterprise expansion fund is at the discretion of the board of directors of the PRC subsidiary. No appropriation was made to expansion fund during the year ended 31 December 2021 (2020: Nil).
24. | FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT AND FAIR VALUES |
Exposure to credit, liquidity, foreign currency and interest rate risks arises in the normal course of the Group’s business. The Group’s exposure to these risks and the financial risk management policies and practices are described below.
(a) | Credit risk |
Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading to a financial loss. The Group is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily trade receivables) and from its financing activities, including deposits with banks and financial institutions, foreign exchange transactions and other financial instruments. The Group’s exposure to credit risk arising from cash and cash equivalents is limited because the counterparties are banks and financial institutions with high credit-rating assigned by international credit-rating agencies, for which the Group considers to have low credit risk.
Trade receivables
Customer credit risk is managed by each business unit subject to the Group’s established policy, procedures and control relating to customer credit risk management. Individual credit evaluations are performed on all customers requiring credit over a certain amount. These evaluations focus on the customer’s past history of making payments when due and current ability to pay, and take into account information specific to the customer as well as pertaining to the economic environment in which the customer operates. Trade receivables are due within 30 days from the date of billing.
39 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
24. | FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT AND FAIR VALUES (CONT’D) |
(a) | Credit risk (cont’d) |
Trade receivables (cont’d)
The Group measures loss allowances for trade receivables at an amount equal to lifetime ECL, which is calculated using a provision matrix. As the Group’s historical credit loss experience does not indicate significantly different loss patterns for different customer segments, the loss allowance based on past due status is not further distinguished between the Group’s different customer bases. In the opinion of the directors, allowance for ECL was insignificant as at 31 December 2021.
Expected loss rates are based on actual loss experience over the past 3 years. These rates are adjusted to reflect differences between economic conditions during the period over which the historic data has been collected, current conditions and the Group’s view of economic conditions over the expected lives of the receivables.
The Group has all customers and which can be graded as low risk individually. These trade receivables shown above are subject to the expected credit loss model under the financial reporting standard on financial instruments. The trade receivables are considered to have low credit risk individually. At the end of the reporting year a loss allowance is recognised at an amount equal to 12 month ECL because there has not been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition. No loss allowance for ECL is necessary.
Receivables that were neither past due nor impaired related to a wide range of customers for whom there was no recent history of default.
Receivables that were past due but not impaired related to a number of independent customers that had a good track record with the Group. Based on past experience, management believed that no impairment allowance was necessary in respect of these balances as there had been no significant change in credit quality and the balances were still considered fully recoverable.
At the end of the reporting period, the Group had certain concentrations of credit risk as 58% (2020: 45%) of the total trade receivables was due from the five largest customers.
(b) | Liquidity risk |
The Group’s policy is to regularly monitor its current and expected liquidity requirements to ensure that it maintains sufficient reserve of cash to meet its liquidity requirements in the short and longer term.
40 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
24. | FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT AND FAIR VALUES (CONT’D) |
(b) | Liquidity risk (cont’d) |
The following table details the remaining contractual maturities at the end of the reporting period of the Group’s financial liabilities, which are based on contractual undiscounted cash flows (including interest payments computed using contractual rates or, if floating, based on rates current at the end of the reporting period) and earliest date the Group can be required to pay.
2021 Contractual undiscounted cash outflow | ||||||||||||||||||||
Carrying amount | Total | Within 1 year or on demand | More than 1 year but less than 2 years | More than 2 years but less than 5 years | ||||||||||||||||
USD | USD | USD | USD | USD | ||||||||||||||||
Trade payables | 4,727,950 | 4,727,950 | 4,727,950 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Other payables and accrued expenses | 613,503 | 613,503 | 613,503 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Amount due to a related party | 3,163,759 | 3,163,759 | 3,163,759 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Lease liabilities | 36,786 | 36,786 | 36,786 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
8,541,998 | 8,541,998 | 8,541,998 | - | - |
2020
Contractual undiscounted cash outflow | ||||||||||||||||||||
Carrying amount | Total | Within 1 year or on demand | More than 1 year but less than 2 years | More than 2 years but less than 5 years | ||||||||||||||||
USD | USD | USD | USD | USD | ||||||||||||||||
Trade payables | 2,233,649 | 2,233,649 | 2,233,649 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Other payables and accrued expenses | 353,650 | 353,650 | 353,650 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Amount due to a related company | 4,187 | 4,187 | 4,187 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Amount due to a related party | 29,845 | 29,845 | 29,845 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Lease liabilities | 140,351 | 140,351 | 106,707 | 33,644 | - | |||||||||||||||
2,761,682 | 2,761,682 | 2,728,038 | 33,644 | - |
(c) | Foreign currency risk |
The Group’s monetary assets and transactions are predominately in USD, HKD and RMB. As HKD is pegged to USD and there is insignificant fluctuation in the exchange rate between USD and RMB, the Group does not expect any significant exposure to foreign currency risk.
41 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
24. | FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT AND FAIR VALUES (CONT’D) |
(c) | Foreign currency risk (cont’d) |
The following table details the Group’s exposure at the end of the reporting period to foreign currency risk arising from recognised assets or liabilities denominated in a currency other than USD. For presentation purposes, the amounts of the exposure are shown in USD, translated using the spot rate at the year ended date.
2021 Denominated in |
2020 Denominated in |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
European Dollars | Hong Kong Dollars | Renminbi | European Dollars | Hong Kong Dollars | Renminbi | |||||||||||||||||||
USD | USD | USD | USD | USD | USD | |||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables | - | - | 652,707 | - | (252 | ) | 644,786 | |||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 1,452 | 3,934 | 355,785 | - | 9,798 | 647,017 | ||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other payables | - | - | (2,007,192 | ) | - | - | (1,948,931 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Tax payables | - | - | (30,369 | ) | - | - | (12,121 | ) |
(d) | Interest rate risk |
The Group has minimal exposure to interest rate risk as it has no significant interest- earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.
(e) | Categories of financial instruments at 31 December |
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Financial assets: | ||||||||
Financial assets at amortised cost | 23,996,142 | 5,792,272 | ||||||
Financial liabilities: | ||||||||
Financial liabilities at amortised cost | 8,505,212 | 2,621,332 |
(f) | Fair values |
All financial instruments are carried at amounts not materially different from their fair values as at 31 December 2021 and 2020.
42 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
25. | MATERIAL RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
(a) | Transactions with key management personnel |
All members of key management personnel are the directors of the Group, and the remuneration for them is disclosed in note 8(a).
(b) | Transactions with other related parties |
During the year, the Group entered into the following material related party transactions:
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
A related party | 30,936 | 29,052 | ||||||
Salaries paid | ||||||||
Office rent paid | 238,735 | 205,289 | ||||||
Management fee paid | 36,000 | 36,000 | ||||||
Related companies | ||||||||
Freight income received | 34,883,200 | 4,023,965 | ||||||
Freight charge paid | 408,650 | 414,358 | ||||||
Management fee income received | 60,000 | 45,600 | ||||||
Management fee paid | 12,339 | 12,339 |
Balances with related parties are disclosed in the statement of financial position and in notes 14 and 16.
26. | ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS |
Note 24 contains information about the assumptions and their risk factors relating to financial instruments. Other key sources of estimates and judgements are as follows:
(a) | Impairment of property and equipment and right-of-use assets |
Property and equipment and right-of-use assets are stated at costs less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. In determining whether an asset is impaired, the Group has to exercise judgment and make estimation, particularly in assessing: (1) whether an event has occurred or any indicators that may affect the asset value; (2) whether the carrying value of an asset can be supported by the recoverable amount, in the case of value in use, the net present value of future cash flows which are estimated based upon the continued use of the asset; and (3) the appropriate key assumptions to be applied in estimating the recoverable amounts including cash flow projections and an appropriate discount rate. When it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset (including right-of-use assets), the Group estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the assets belongs. Changing the assumptions and estimates, including the discount rates or the growth rate in the cash flow projections, could materially affect the recoverable amounts.
43 |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
26. | ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS (CONT’D) |
(a) | Impairment of property and equipment and right-of-use assets (cont’d) |
The carrying amount of property and equipment and right-of-use assets as at 31 December 2021 were USD56,380 (2020: USD98,969) and USD34,652 (2020: USD136,731) respectively.
(b) | Impairment of trade receivables |
The management of the Group estimates the amount of impairment loss for ECL on trade receivables based on the credit risk of trade receivables. The amount of the impairment loss based on ECL model is measured as the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Group in accordance with and all the cash flows that the Group expects to receive, discounted at the effective interest rate determined at initial recognition. Where the future cash flows are less than expected, or being revised downward due to changes in facts and circumstances, a material impairment loss may arise.
As at 31 December 2021, the carrying amount of trade receivables is USD17,815,219 with no allowance for doubtful debts (2020: USD4,013,705 with no allowance for doubtful debts).
Appendix i |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
DETAILED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS - THE COMPANY FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
(For Management Information Only)
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Freight income | 112,925,526 | 35,580,967 | ||||||
Freight costs | (86,581,908 | ) | (32,892,422 | ) | ||||
Gross profit | 26,343,618 | 2,688,545 | ||||||
Other income | ||||||||
Bank interest income | 178 | 372 | ||||||
Sundry income | 68,298 | 59,724 | ||||||
68,476 | 60,096 | |||||||
Other gains and losses - net exchange (losses)/gains | (342,857 | ) | 20,890 | |||||
Expenditure (Appendix ii) | ||||||||
Administrative expenses | 4,577,672 | 782,236 | ||||||
Other operating expenses | 779,489 | 214,835 | ||||||
5,357,161 | 997,071 | |||||||
Profit before taxation | 20,712,076 | 1,772,460 |
Appendix ii |
ULI (NORTH & EAST CHINA) COMPANY LIMITED
ADMINISTRATIVE AND OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES - THE COMPANY FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
(Expressed in United States dollars)
(For Management Information Only)
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
USD | USD | |||||||
Administrative expenses | ||||||||
Staff | ||||||||
Directors’ remuneration | 3,595,435 | 268,536 | ||||||
Retirement scheme contributions | 23,557 | 14,527 | ||||||
Staff costs | 852,655 | 415,412 | ||||||
4,471,647 | 698,475 | |||||||
Premises | ||||||||
Rent | 106,025 | 83,761 | ||||||
4,577,672 | 782,236 | |||||||
Other operating expenses | ||||||||
Communications | ||||||||
Telephone | 17,366 | 18,150 | ||||||
Financial and other expenses | ||||||||
Auditor’s remuneration | 14,093 | 10,536 | ||||||
Bad debt | 171 | 6,114 | ||||||
Bank charges | 15,661 | 12,123 | ||||||
Computer expenses | 29,884 | 17,834 | ||||||
Commission expenses | 554,337 | - | ||||||
Depreciation on property and equipment | 50 | 85 | ||||||
Depreciation on right-of-use assets | - | 6,293 | ||||||
Management fee | 49,233 | 48,339 | ||||||
Office expenses | 4,569 | 2,839 | ||||||
Other expenses | 11,759 | 34,789 | ||||||
Postage and courier | 359 | 520 | ||||||
680,116 | 139,472 | |||||||
Travelling and entertainment | ||||||||
Entertainment | 52,195 | 27,339 | ||||||
Motor vehicles expenses | 22,919 | 16,747 | ||||||
Travelling | 6,893 | 13,127 | ||||||
82,007 | 57,213 | |||||||
779,489 | 214,835 |